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听力文稿 ( Transcript )
No, there was no single psychological profile of suicide terrorist, and ...um ... the conclusion, is that suicide terrorism must be explained primarily by something different.
4 AM, July the 7th. The London bombers head down the M1 towards Luton, their car is filled with explosives. Research that has been repeated all over the world now suggests that nothing in the personalities of these three men would’ve marked them out as dangerous.
They are not crazy. They are ordinary, unremarkable. They could be the person sitting beside you. They could be the person you work with. They could be someone who lives on your street.
This is something that we see again and again in the lives of suicide bombers. They are not at the bottom of the burrow.
This uncomfortable truth, the idea that ordinary people can carry out such extreme acts was first revealed in a series of simple experiments conducted over 40 years ago.
In 1961, a group of American college educated adults were recruited to take part in an experiment that was set up at Yale University by an esteemed psychologist Stanley Milgram.
Well, the design was a very simple design. They had a newspaper ad requesting volunteers to take part in a study. And the study was supposed to be about learning.
"Would you open all those and tell me which of you is which please."
The volunteer is given the job of a teacher. He has to ask a pupil questions and administer a series of increasingly strong electric shocks if the pupil answers wrongly. What these volunteers didn’t know was that they were giving fake electric shocks to an actor who'd been briefed to give wrong answers.
"Incorrect, you're now getting a shock of 105 volts. "
Psychiatrists were asked before the study how many people they told follow the orders all to the end. They told it would just be one or two percent. And that those people would be psychopaths,or psychologically ill. But contrary to expectation, the study found that many people did comply with the orders, even when they could hear the recipients screaming in pain.
"130 volts. Ouch....Let me out of here. Let me out of here. Why has to bother me? Let me tell you..."
administer:To give or apply in a formal way实施 psychopath:A person with an antisocial personality disorder, especially one manifested in aggressive, perverted, criminal, or amoral behavior心理有疾病者，精神变态者
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